• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A trailer (10) with a chassis frame (11) and a second frame (17) arranged to be pivotable about a pivot axis (18), the pivot axis (18) being arranged on a first and second wheel axle, and at least one cylinder (20) which is arranged between the chassis frame (11) and the second frame (17), is characterized in that the at least one cylinder (20) is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
    公开号:CH717595A2
    申请号:CH00497/21
    申请日:2021-05-05
    公开日:2021-12-30
    发明作者:Bayha Steffen
    申请人:Muenz Fahrzeugbau Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a trailer with a chassis frame and a second frame arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis, the pivot axis being arranged between a first and second wheel axle, and at least one cylinder which is arranged between the chassis frame and the second frame.
    Such a trailer is known for example from DE 102 01 625 A1.
    A disadvantage of the trailer described there is that two hydraulic cylinders are required, on the one hand to tilt the loading area and on the other to retrieve the loading area again. The outlay on components and the outlay in terms of controlling and operating the trailer are therefore considerable.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a trailer that is constructed with few components and improved functionality.
    This object is achieved according to the invention by a trailer with a chassis frame and a second frame arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis, the pivot axis being arranged between a first and a second wheel axle, and at least one cylinder arranged between the chassis frame and the second frame is, wherein the at least one cylinder is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. A double-acting cylinder has two opposing piston surfaces that can be pressurized with hydraulic fluid. As a result, the cylinder has two active directions of movement. A return cylinder, as provided in the prior art mentioned at the outset, is therefore no longer necessary. The second frame can be pivoted with respect to the chassis frame via one side of the piston, so that the trailer can be driven on, for example with a construction machine. The fact that a double-acting cylinder is provided also prevents the second frame from being automatically lowered under the weight of the construction machine that has been raised. This lowering can be effected in a controlled manner via the second piston side of the double-acting cylinder.
    The pivot axis for pivoting the second frame relative to the chassis frame can be arranged centrally between the wheel axles. Alternatively, it can be shifted eccentrically in the direction of the second wheel axle, ie the rear wheel axle in the direction of travel. In particular, the pivot axis can be spaced from the second wheel axis by more than 5 cm, preferably more than 10 cm, particularly preferably more than 20 cm or more than 30 cm or more than 40 cm or more than 50 cm.
    It is particularly preferred if the cylinder is connected to a hydraulic pump via a 4/3-way valve. The double-acting hydraulic cylinder can be controlled via the 4/3-way valve. In a first position, a first chamber of the hydraulic cylinder can be filled with hydraulic fluid, so that the cylinder is extended and the second frame is pivoted from a horizontal position. The hydraulic flow can be interrupted via a second position of the 4/3-way valve. This means that the hydraulic fluid remains in both chambers of the hydraulic cylinder and the double-acting hydraulic cylinder cannot be moved in either direction. Thus, the second frame can be locked in a desired pivoted position. In a third position of the 4/3-way valve, the direction of flow of the hydraulic circuit can be reversed, so that the second chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is filled with hydraulic fluid and the second frame can be moved back into its horizontal starting position.
    The hydraulic pump can be driven manually or electrically.
    The 4/3-way valve, the hydraulic pump and a hydraulic fluid tank can be arranged in one unit. This results in a compact design of the trailer. In particular, this unit can be provided in the area of the chassis frame.
    An even more compact design results when the hydraulic cylinder, the 4/3-way valve, the hydraulic pump and a hydraulic fluid tank form a unit. In particular, the 4/3-way valve, the hydraulic pump and the liquid tank can be arranged on the hydraulic cylinder and form a unit with it.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, a rigid, in particular non-pivotable, drawbar connected to the chassis frame can be provided. In a special embodiment of the trailer, it can be provided that two cylinders are arranged on both sides of the drawbar. This is particularly advantageous when no hydraulic cylinder can be arranged in the center of the trailer for reasons of space.
    Particular advantages arise when the drawbar has two joints, so that the towing eye or the towing hitch is adjustable in height relative to the chassis frame, in particular steplessly. This allows the trailer to be adapted to different towing vehicles.
    On the chassis frame or the second frame, a lighting support can be provided at the rear, which is designed as a rear support or on which a rear support is arranged. The lighting support can indicate how far the second frame can be lowered. The height of the rear support is expediently designed in such a way that a level surface results from a folded-down ramp and the platform floor. Alternatively, a rear support can be arranged in front of the lighting support.
    Alternatively it can be provided as a rear support at least one role. On the one hand, the roller allows for support and, on the other hand, minor movements of the trailer relative to the ground are possible while the trailer is being loaded or unloaded.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, which is also regarded as an independent invention, a third frame can be provided which can be tilted about at least one tilting axis, preferably three tilting axes, relative to the second frame. If a third frame is provided, it is not only possible to lower the trailer bed backwards so that a machine can drive onto the trailer at the smallest possible angle, but it is also possible to pivot the third frame, for example to Unload bulk goods from the loading area. A tilting axis can be provided at the rear on the second frame, transverse to the direction of travel or longitudinal direction of the trailer. Two further tilting axes can be provided parallel to the direction of travel on the right and left of the second frame, so that the third frame can be tilted to the side.
    A hydraulic single-acting or double-acting tilting cylinder can be arranged between the second frame and the third frame. For the double-acting tilt cylinder, the above-mentioned advantages of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder result.
    Furthermore, a hydraulic unit assigned to the tilting cylinder can be provided, which can be controlled via keys and/or wirelessly, in particular by a mobile phone or tablet or the like. The hydraulic unit can include a hydraulic pump, a drive for the hydraulic pump, an energy supply for the hydraulic pump and a valve.
    [0018] In this case, a battery that can be charged, in particular via a towing vehicle, can be provided for the hydraulic unit. This allows the battery to be charged when the trailer is coupled to a towing vehicle. Alternatively, the battery can be charged using a trailer-mounted charger or an external charger. The charger can be plugged into an AC outlet.
    According to one embodiment, an electrical switch-off for the tilting cylinder can be provided, so that it switches off when the third frame tilts about a lateral tilting axis. This can prevent the tipping cylinder from extending too far if you only want to tip to the side. On the other hand, there is no switch-off if bulk material is to be tipped backwards, ie if the third frame is tilted about an axis running parallel to the wheel axles.
    A hook for a container and/or a particularly hydraulic container lock can be provided on the third frame. The trailer is therefore suitable for picking up and transporting containers. Because the trailer can be lowered at the rear, it is particularly easy to load or unload a container onto the trailer.
    The trailer can have a tailgate which can be folded down about a first horizontal axis, can be pivoted about a second horizontal axis and can be pivoted about a vertical axis. Depending on the intended use, the tailgate can therefore be locked or released at different points. When the tailgate is folded down about a first horizontal axis, the tailgate can serve as a ramp. If it oscillates around a second horizontal axis, bulk goods can be tipped off the loading area particularly easily. The tailgate can be opened with particularly little effort if it is pivoted about the vertical axis.
    Particular advantages arise when the trailer has shock absorbers. This means that it can be approved for operation at up to 100 km/h. Gas dampers may be provided to allow easy ramp operation. The pivot point for the second frame can be located between the wheels of the trailer to achieve a flat drive-on angle.
    Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, based on the figures of the drawing, which shows details essential to the invention, and from the claims. The features shown there are not necessarily to be understood to scale and are presented in such a way that the special features according to the invention can be made clearly visible. The various features can each be implemented individually or in groups in any combination in variants of the invention.
    In the schematic drawing, embodiments of the invention are shown in various stages of use and explained in more detail in the following description.
    [0025] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a trailer in a side view; Fig. 2 shows the trailer of Fig. 1 in a rearwardly lowered position; FIG. 3: the trailer according to FIG. 1 with the rear hatch folded down; FIG. FIG. 4 shows the trailer according to FIG. 1 in a rearwardly tipped position with a swinging tailgate; FIG. 5: a side view of the illustration according to FIG. 4; FIG. 6: the trailer according to FIG. 1 with a tailgate pivoted about a vertical axis; FIG. 7: the trailer according to FIG. 1 in a laterally tilted position; FIG. 8 shows the representation according to FIG. 7 in a rear view; FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of a trailer with a hook for receiving a container; FIG. 10: the trailer according to FIG. 9 in a rearwardly lowered position; FIG. 11: the trailer according to FIG. 9 with the container tipped backwards; FIG. 12: the trailer according to FIG. 9 in a rear view with the third frame tilted to the side; 13: an embodiment of a trailer with a height-adjustable drawbar; FIG. 14: the trailer according to FIG. 13 in a laterally tipped position; 15: an illustration to explain the activation of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 16: an alternative embodiment of a hydraulic circuit diagram; Fig. 17: an illustration of a hydraulic unit, which also includes the double-acting cylinder.
    1 shows a trailer 10 with a chassis frame 11 on which a rigid drawbar 12 is arranged. The trailer 10 has two wheel axles 13, 14 on which wheels 15, 16 are arranged. A second frame 17 is arranged on the chassis frame 11 . This can be pivoted about a pivot axis 18, which is arranged between the wheel axles 13, 14, relative to the chassis frame 11. A third frame 19 is pivotable relative to the second frame 17 both about an axis parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14 and about axes parallel to the longitudinal direction of the trailer 10.
    The pivoting of the second frame 17 relative to the chassis frame 11 is effected by a cylinder 20 which is arranged between the chassis frame 11 and the second frame 17 or acts. The cylinder 20 is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
    For the sake of completeness it should be mentioned that the trailer 10 has a well-known support wheel 21 .
    It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the second frame 17 has been pivoted about the pivot axis 18 relative to the chassis frame 11 by means of the cylinder 20 . It can also be seen that a tailgate 22 has been folded down about a horizontal axis that runs parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14, so that a ramp is created that forms a flat surface with a floor of the trailer 10. As a result, a construction machine, for example, can simply be driven onto the trailer 10 . A part of a hydraulic unit 23 is designated by the reference number 23 . This hydraulic unit 23 is arranged on the chassis frame 11, in particular in an intermediate space of the chassis frame 11.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the second frame 11 was brought back to its starting position via the cylinder 20. The tailgate 22 is still open. The second frame 11 can be fixed to the chassis frame 11 via at least one front closure.
    4 shows that the third frame 19 has now been tilted with respect to the second frame 17, namely about a tilting axis which runs parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14. The tipping was effected by a tipping cylinder 25 which is arranged between the second frame 17 and the third frame 19 or acts between them.
    So that, for example, bulk material from the platform floor 26; which is arranged on the third frame 19 can be unloaded, the tailgate 22 is open. In particular, it is pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis that runs parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14. For this purpose, closures at the lower end of the tailgate 22 were opened, while closures on the upper side remained closed, so that the tailgate 22 could swing open.
    5 shows the situation of FIG. 4 in a side view.
    shows the trailer 10, wherein the tailgate 22 has been pivoted about a vertical axis on the right rear side of the trailer 10, in particular opened. For this purpose, the left-hand latches and the latches on the lower side of the tailgate 22 were opened while the right-hand latches remained closed, so that pivoting about a vertical axis was possible. The tailgate 22 is therefore opened in the manner of a door.
    7 shows a situation in which the third frame 19 has been pivoted or tilted about a lateral axis by means of the tilting cylinder 25 . The tipping cylinder 25 is not extended as far as in FIG. 5. In particular, a switch-off device is provided which prevents the tipping cylinder 25 from extending further than shown in FIG. 7 if lateral tipping is to be effected.
    The third frame 19 has closures 27, 28 on its underside. The closures 27, 28 are open in the illustration shown, so that the third frame 19 could be pivoted with respect to the second frame 17. Correspondingly, shutters analogous to the shutters 27, 28 on the left side of the third frame 19 are closed. If tilting to the right is to take place, the shutters 27, 28 are closed and the analogous shutters on the left side of the third frame 19 are opened. If all locks are closed, the third frame 19 is fixed to the second frame 17 . The second frame 17 may have a front latch to latch it to the chassis frame 11 .
    8 shows the situation of FIG. 7 in a rear view. A counterpart 29 of the closure 27 can be seen here. FIG. 8 also clearly shows a lighting support 30, which serves as a support when the second frame 17 is lowered rearwardly about the pivot axis 18, as can be seen in FIG.
    shows an alternative embodiment of a trailer 100. The trailer 100 also has a chassis frame 111 on which a drawbar 112 is arranged. Furthermore, the trailer 100 has wheel axles 113, 114 for wheels 115, 116. A second frame 117 can be pivoted relative to the chassis frame 111 via a pivot axis 118 . The pivot axis 118 lies between the wheel axles 113, 114. The pivoting of the second frame 117 with respect to the chassis frame 111 can be effected by a double-acting cylinder 120.
    The trailer 100 is intended to accommodate a container. It has a hook 122 for this purpose. In addition, container locks 123, 124 are provided. The container locks 123, 124 can be hydraulic or manual locks. At the rear, the trailer 100 has rollers 125 which provide support when the second frame 117 is pivoted. Additional rollers 126 make it easier to put a container on and off.
    10 shows the situation when the second frame 117 is pivoted about the pivot axis 118 with respect to the first frame 111 . It can be seen that the second frame 117 is supported on the roller 125 from the ground. In this position, the container 127 can be loaded and unloaded particularly easily.
    is shown that the trailer 110 can also have a third frame 119. This is tilted relative to the second frame 117 via a tilting cylinder 130 . Thus, for example, bulk material can be unloaded from the container 127 .
    It can be seen from FIG. 12 that lateral tilting of the third frame 119 is also possible. For this purpose, left-hand closures between the third frame 119 and second frame 117 are closed, while right-hand closures are open.
    13 shows another embodiment of a trailer 200. The trailer 200 is constructed similarly to the trailer 10 according to FIG. 1. In contrast to the trailer according to FIG . The drawbar 250 has a first section 251 which is rigidly connected to the chassis frame 211 . A second tongue section 252 is pivotally connected to the first tongue section 251 . Furthermore, the second drawbar section 252 is connected in an articulated manner to a third drawbar section 253 . The drawbar sections 251, 252 and 252, 253 can each be continuously adjusted relative to one another. Furthermore, locking is possible to fix a relative position of the drawbar sections 251-253. The articulated connection of the drawbar sections 251 - 253 makes it possible to adjust the height of the hitch 254 . As a result, the trailer 200 can be adjusted in height to different towing vehicles. The trailer 200 also has a second and a third frame 217,219. In this regard and in relation to the adjustment options for the second and third frames 217, 219, reference is made to the description of FIG. The double-acting cylinders are arranged on both sides of the drawbar section 251.
    It can be seen from FIG. 14 that a tilting cylinder 225 is also provided in the trailer 200, via which the third frame 219 can be tilted relative to the second frame 217. A closure can be provided between the frames 211 and 217 for fixing purposes.
    15 shows a circuit diagram for the control of the double-acting cylinder 20 (the other described double-acting cylinders 120, 220 can be controlled and arranged accordingly). A 4/3-way valve 301, a hydraulic pump 302 and a hydraulic fluid tank 303 are arranged in a unit 300. The hydraulic pump 302 is connected to the hydraulic fluid tank 303 via a check valve 304 .
    In the switching position of the 4/3-way valve 301 shown, hydraulic fluid is pumped by the hydraulic pump 302 into the first chamber 20.1 of the hydraulic cylinder 20. This moves the piston 20.2 to the right. Accordingly, hydraulic fluid is displaced from the chamber 20.3 and returns to the hydraulic fluid tank 303. In the switch position of the 4/3-way valve 301 shown, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is accordingly extended. If the 4/3-way valve is pushed one position to the left, the hydraulic connection between the hydraulic pump 302 and the chambers 20.1, 20.3 is interrupted. The hydraulic cylinder 20 is thus locked in position. If the 4/3-way valve 301 is moved further to the left, hydraulic fluid is pumped by the hydraulic pump 302 into the chamber 20.3, as a result of which the piston 20.2 is displaced to the left and hydraulic fluid correspondingly reaches the hydraulic fluid tank 303 from the chamber 20.1. Thus, the cylinder 20 is actively retracted.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 16, two hydraulic cylinders 20 connected in parallel are provided. Additional check valves 305, 306 are provided for safety reasons, check valve 305 being optional.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 17, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is also part of the unit 300. In particular, the 4/3-way valve 301 and the hydraulic pump 302 and the hydraulic fluid tank 303 are arranged on the double-acting cylinder 20. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a check valve 310 is provided between the pump 302 and the 4/3-way valve 301 and a further check valve 311 is provided as a bypass to the hydraulic pump 302 .
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    1. Trailer (10, 100, 200) with a chassis frame (11, 111, 211) and a second frame (17, 117, 217) arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (18, 118, 218), the pivot axis (18 , 118, 218) is arranged between a first and second wheel axle (13, 14, 113, 114), and at least one cylinder (20, 120) which is arranged between the chassis frame (11, 111, 211) and the second frame (17, 117 , 217) is arranged, characterized in that the at least one cylinder (20, 120) is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
    [2]
    2. Trailer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (20, 120) is connected to a hydraulic pump (302) via a 4/3-way valve (301).
    [3]
    3. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic pump (302) can be driven manually or electrically.
    [4]
    4. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the 4/3-way valve (301), the hydraulic pump (302) and a hydraulic fluid tank (303) are arranged in one unit (300).
    [5]
    5. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (20, 120), the 4/3-way valve (3019, the hydraulic pump (302) and a hydraulic fluid tank (303) form a unit (300).
    [6]
    6. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rigid, in particular non-pivotable, with the chassis frame (11, 111, 211) connected drawbar (12, 112, 250) is provided.
    [7]
    7. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two cylinders (20, 120) are provided, which are arranged on both sides of the drawbar (12, 112, 250).
    [8]
    8. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drawbar (250) has two joints, so that the towing eye or the hitch (254), in particular steplessly, in height relative to the chassis frame (211) is adjustable.
    [9]
    9. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lighting support (30) is provided on the rear of the chassis frame (11, 111, 211) or the second frame (17, 117, 217), which is designed as a rear support or on which a rear support is arranged.
    [10]
    10. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one roller (125) is provided as a rear support.
    [11]
    11. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims or the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that a third frame (19, 119, 219) is provided which can be rotated about at least one tilting axis, preferably three tilting axes, relative to the second frame (17, 117, 217) is tiltable.
    [12]
    12. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the second frame (17, 117, 217) and the third frame (19, 119, 219) a hydraulic single- or double-acting tilting cylinder (25, 130, 225) is arranged is.
    [13]
    13. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hydraulic unit (23) assigned to the tipping cylinder (25, 130, 225) is provided, which can be controlled via buttons and/or wirelessly, in particular by a mobile phone, tablet or the like .
    [14]
    14. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a battery, which can be charged in particular via a towing vehicle, is provided for the hydraulic unit (23).
    [15]
    15. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrical switch-off for the tilting cylinder (25, 130, 225) is provided, so that it switches off when the third frame (19, 119, 219) tilts about a lateral tilting axis.
    [16]
    16. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the third frame (19, 119, 219) a hook (122) for a container (127) and / or a particularly hydraulic container lock (123, 124) is provided.
    [17]
    17. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10, 100, 230) has a tailgate (22) which can be folded down about a first horizontal axis, can be pivoted about a second horizontal axis and about a vertical axis is pivotable.
    [18]
    18. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has shock absorbers.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1329357A2|2003-07-23|Tipping vehicle
    DE7737849U1|1978-03-30|Container-shaped tipping attachment that can be detachably attached to the loading area of a truck
    DE1630774B2|1976-05-06|VEHICLE FOR TRANSPORTING PARTICULARLY HEAVY LOADS ABOUT THE VEHICLE WIDTH
    DE102005036590B4|2012-04-19|Camper
    DE1160740B|1964-01-02|Semi-trailer dump truck
    CH717595A2|2021-12-30|Trailer with lowering axle between the wheel axles.
    EP3620327A1|2020-03-11|Hook-lift vehicle and container for a hook-lift vehicle
    DE2246868A1|1974-05-22|LIFTING AND TIPPING DEVICE
    DE822476C|1951-11-26|Tilting device for the loading platform of multi-sided tippers, especially trailers
    EP0286576B1|1991-10-09|Transport vehicle
    DE1804765A1|1969-11-06|Transport vehicle body
    DE2522896A1|1976-12-09|Self loading skip lorry - with two pivoted servo arms and extending struts for skip
    DE2539972C2|1985-05-23|Road vehicle with swivel charger and tilting device
    DE102018122718B4|2022-01-27|Commercial vehicle with lowerable loading floor
    EP1591310B1|2008-07-23|Tipping body construction for a vehicle
    DE19950553C2|2003-03-27|Truck lifting device for wheeled swap bodies
    DE2145766A1|1972-05-10|Transport vehicle
    DE202006010095U1|2007-08-02|Lift-lower load platform chassis extension for small car to a garage within camper van or mobile home
    AT200181B|1958-10-25|Dump truck
    DE1755980C3|1979-04-05|Truck for the transport of bottomless and at least one-sided open building cells
    DE202015106219U1|2017-02-20|Container display device, in particular silo display device, for a commercial vehicle and commercial vehicle with such a container display device
    DE60216545T2|2007-10-18|heavy goods vehicle
    DE1456509C|1973-02-08|Loading device for heavy, bulky loads
    DE2258810A1|1973-06-07|TILTING, LONGITUDINAL CONTAINER FOR POWDER, GRAY OR LIQUID MATERIAL
    WO1979000032A1|1979-01-25|Lifting and lowering device for tilting a loading platform,particularly for trucks and trailers
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102020116809A1|2021-12-30|
    AT523956A2|2022-01-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10201625A1|2002-01-16|2003-07-31|Pfaff Bertold|dump truck|
    GB2386352A|2002-03-13|2003-09-17|Bateson Trailers Ltd|A tilting trailer|
    CH712272B1|2016-03-17|2019-10-15|Martin Rohrer V&R Gmbh|Trailer with lowered cargo area.|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102020116809.8A|DE102020116809A1|2020-06-25|2020-06-25|Trailer with lowering axle between the wheels|
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